清代西部边疆土兵的发展与衰亡

清朝建立之初为了尽快实现全国的统一,大量征调边疆的土兵参与政府组织的军事行动,土兵制度日渐完善。与此同时,随着统一多民族国家的日益巩固,清政府建立起了一个强大而有效的中央集权的国家机器,又由于土司制度在总体上已经不能适应统一多民族国家的发展,清政府便开始进行大规模的改土归流。改土归流之后,和土司制度紧密相连的土兵制度也就渐渐走向衰亡。

The Rise and Fall of Troops on Western Frontier in the Qing Dynasty

At the beginning of the Qing dynasty,in order to reunify the country at an earlier date,the government called up the frontier soldiers to engage in military actions and gradually improved the soldier systems. At the same time,with the consolidation of the multi-ethnic empire,the Qing government had established a state machine with powerful and effective central powers. And because the system of Tusi (local officials) was no longer suitable for the development of such a multi-ethnic empire,the central govern...