路段上游直线式公交站点对车辆延误影响分析

针对公交车在直线式公交站点停靠时对车辆运行效率影响问题，利用交通波理论对交通流稳定输入下路段上游直线式公交站点对车辆延误影响分析，将延误分为在公交站点受公交车停靠阻滞产生的延误及受到公交车停靠影响的车辆在交叉口处产生的延误，并利用交通波理论分别对不受公交车停靠影响的车辆延误及受到影响的车辆延误计算模型构建，进而得到公交车停靠引起车辆延误变化即车辆附加延误。最后对所提出的延误模型数值分析，分别得到交叉口信号周期、绿信比、交通流量及公交车停靠时间对车辆延误影响。结果表明，随着绿信比、信号周期减小和交通流量、公交车停靠时间增加，车辆附加延误呈上升趋势，其中公交车停靠时间和交通流量对附加延误影响较大。 

The Impacts of Upstream Linear Bus Stop on Car Delays

To analyze the impact of linear upstream bus stop on traffic efficiency, the shockwave theory was employed to estimate car delays caused by linear upstream bus stop, when the traffic flow was stable. The car delays consist of two parts which take place at immediate upstream of bus stop and at signalized intersection. The additional car delays can be obtained as the difference between traffic flow effected by bus stop or not. Finally, the additional car delay model based on shockwave theory was implemented by the numerical analysis to get the relationship between additional car delays and some traffic parameters including traffic flow, bus dwell time, signal cycle and green ratio quantificationally. The results of numerical analysis show that the additional car delay increases along with the growing dwell time and traffic flow, and with the decreasing of signal cycle and green ratio. More specially, bus dwell time and traffic flow are major factors.