5.12汶川大地震诱发大型崩滑灾害动力特征初探

对乙炔氧气混合气体中爆轰波与激波的正面对撞现象的实验研究是以高速摄影获 取两波对撞的x-t纹影图，以烟迹板记录对撞中的爆轰胞格图案，并基于激波 理论和经典CJ爆轰理论求解了两波对撞的稳态解并探寻其规律. 研究发现透射波系包括一道激波和爆轰波， 以及紧随爆轰波后的稀疏波区，这一结果对应于一维理论分析中的CJ解. 透射波系基本不受 初始压强影响；初始温度也只成比例地改变流场整体速度，温度越高，速度越快；对波系起 实质影响作用的是入射激波强度，激波越强，则整个透射流场呈现偏向激波的趋势；理论分 析还指出，稀疏波区的出现不可避免，当激波强度趋于声波稀疏波区趋于消失，激波越强则 疏波区趋于扩大. 两波对撞存在一个有限的转变阶段，透射爆轰首先减缓，接着迅速迸发为 过驱爆轰，然后再逐渐平衡为CJ爆轰. 对于强不稳定的燃气，对撞后爆轰波在空间上的发展 极不均衡，一些区域发生火焰面与诱导激波的严重脱离，随后的火焰面失稳发展为诱导激波 区内的爆轰波，实验观察到了这种爆轰在烟迹板上留下的极为精细的迹线.

KINETICS CHARATERISTICS OF LARGE LANDLIDES TRIGGERED BY MAY 12TH WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE

Wenchuan Earthquake occurred in the Longmen Mountain region, which geologic environment is very weak, and the earthquake with high magnitude, large energy, long duration and other characteristics. Wenchuan Earthquake directly induced thousands of rock fall and collapses. Some unique kinetics characteristics of these collapses have been found during the earthquake. Based on lots of collapse site investigations around Wenchuan area and combined with the characteristics of construction and slope broken patterns, the paper represents the kinetic characteristics of cracking, horizontal throwing and debris flows triggered by earthquake. It may provide some new clues to attribute the research on the causes of strong earthquake.