骨科植入物的微动摩擦学研究现状及进展

骨科植入物在人体中的微动会引起植入物的磨损导致损伤,造成骨科手术的失败.本文介绍了植入物微动摩擦学的类型、研究方法、磨损机理及改善措施,详细阐述了当前国内外关于骨科植入物微动摩擦学的试验及数值模拟研究成果.建立1套可准确获得界面微动真实分布的科学方法,将有助于深入研究人体中界面微动,而将骨组织的生长模型与力学特性相结合,建立适于描述人体中植入物-骨组织的界面微动模型,对临床治疗及骨科植入物的优化设计具有非常重要的意义.

Research and Prospect on the Fretting Tribology of the Orthopedic Implants

The micromotion and fretting of the orthopedic implants could induce the damage and wear of the implants, which cause the clinical surgery failure. In this review, the type and classification of the fretting and some recent research about fretting tribology study method, wear principle and improvement actions are introduced. In the future, a new technique method for measuring the true micromotion distribution on the prosthesis-bone interface will provide a strong basis of biomechanical experiments for the intense study of the fretting principle in human. Moreover, a human prosthesis-bone interface fretting theory model, considering both the grow behavior and the biomechanics of bone tissue, will play a critical role in the optimization design of the orthopedic implants and the results of clinical and rehabilitation therapy.