环境及遗传因素对温州地区绝经女性骨质疏松影响的研究

为探讨温州地区绝经后女性骨质疏松症（Postmenopausal osteoporosis，PMOP）与雌激素受体基因（Estrogen receptor，ERa）多态性及相关因素的关联性，将203例观察对象按骨质疏松症诊断标准分为骨量正常组、骨量减少组与PMOP组，分别检测各组观察对象的腰椎L1~4正位骨密度、PvuⅡ、XbaⅠ基因型并调查其膳食行为与运动习惯等项目。结果显示：（1）年龄越大、文化程度越低、身材矮小及BMI低者、妊娠次数越多、产次越多者易罹患PMOP；经常饮用牛奶、豆浆、茶，经常食用水产品、豆类、肉类、蛋类、水果、坚果及每月运动次数较多者与高骨密度有关；在校正年龄、文化程度、BMI等干扰因素之后，饮茶、食用水果、坚果类的次数与BMD呈正相关。（2）该研究未发现PvuⅡ与XbaⅠ基因型与PMOP间有关联。提示该地区膳食行为、环境因素与PMOP关系密切，但雌激素受体α多态性与骨密度间关系尚不明确，其对骨质疏松的预测价值尚待深入研究。

A Study on the Effect of Environmental and Genetic Factors on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Wenzhou Women

To investigate the relationship between postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP)and the estrogen receptor α gene polymorphisms(ERα)and other relevant factors,203 postmenopausal women were randomly selected and divided into normal group,bone mass loss group and PMOP groups according to the osteoporosis diagnosis standards,their Lumbar BMD were measured,and genotypes were detected,meanwhile their dietary behavior and exercise habits etc were surveyed.The result shows:(1)Older age,lower educational level.shorter height,lower weight and BMI,more pregnancies and childbirth were related with PMOP.Intake of more Milk,soy milk,tea,sea food,beans or bean products,meet,eggs,fruit,nuts and more exercise monthly were associated with high BMD.After adjusting for age,educational level,BMI and other confounding factors,intake more tea,fruits and nuts were positively correlated with BMD.(2)There was no relationship between ERα found in this study,which suggest that dietary behavior,environmental factors and PMOP are closely related,but the association of ERα polymorphisms and BMD is not clear,the predictive value of osteoporosis needs further study.