An RP-LC-UV-TWIMS-HRMS and Chemometric Approach to Differentiate between Momordica
balsamina Chemotypes from Three Different Geographical Locations in Limpopo Province of South Africa |
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Authors: | Pieter Venter Kholofelo Malemela Vusi Mbazima Leseilane J Mampuru Christo J F Muller Sylvia Riedel |
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Institution: | 1.Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, P.O. Box 19070, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; (K.M.); (C.J.F.M.);2.Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag x1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa; (V.M.); (L.J.M.);3.Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa |
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Abstract: | Momordica balsamina leaf extracts originating from three different geographical locations were analyzed using reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) coupled to travelling wave ion mobility (TWIMS) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in conjunction with chemometric analysis to differentiate between potential chemotypes. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the three individual chemotypes was evaluated using HT-29 colon cancer cells. A total of 11 molecular species including three flavonol glycosides, five cucurbitane-type triterpenoid aglycones and three glycosidic cucurbitane-type triterpenoids were identified. The cucurbitane-type triterpenoid aglycones were detected in the positive ionization mode following dehydration M + H − H2O]+ of the parent compound, whereas the cucurbitane-type triterpenoid glycosides were primarily identified following adduct formation with ammonia M + NH4]+. The principle component analysis (PCA) loadings plot and a variable influence on projection (VIP) analysis revealed that the isomeric pair balsaminol E and/or karavilagen E was the key molecular species contributing to the distinction between geographical samples. Ultimately, based on statistical analysis, it is hypothesized that balsaminol E and/or karavilagen E are likely responsible for the cytotoxic effects in HT-29 cells. |
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Keywords: | Momordica balsamina high-resolution mass spectrometry reversed phases liquid chromatography travelling wave ion mobility spectrometry chemometric analysis cytotoxicity assays |
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