South Pole温度风速廓线的统计分析

利用2008年South Pole的探空资料，通过大气温度和风速廓线，确定了South Pole地区冬季（6,7,8月）和夏季（12,1,2月）的大气边界层结构，边界层和对流层顶的高度。对近地面的温度、水汽压、风速和风向进行了统计分析。结果表明，South Pole大气边界层大多时候为稳定型，但在夏季也存在不稳定的情况，尤其在1月份较多；夏季夜晚的边界层平均高度为389米，比白天的304米大，冬季夜晚的边界层平均高度为591米，大于夏季夜晚；夏季白天对流层顶平均高度比夜晚略大，分别为6172米和5770米。South Pole高层大气理查森数的倒数基本都小于4，发生湍流的可能性很小。

Statistical Analysis of Temperature and Wind Speed Profiles above the South Pole

Based on the sonde data above the South Pole in 2008, using temperature and wind speed profiles, the vertical structures of boundary layer, the heights of the top of boundary layer and tropopause were decided. The air temperature, water vapor pressure, wind speed and direction in the surface were studied by statistical methods. The results showed that the vertical structures of boundary layer above the South Pole are stable in most time. However，some are instability in summer, especially in January. The average height of the boundary layer in summer night is 389 m, bigger than in daytime,304 m.It is 591 m in winter, bigger than in summer. The average height of the tropopause in thedaytime is little bigger than in the nighttime of summer, they are respectively 6172 m and 5770 m. The inverse Richardson numbers of the high atmosphere above the South Pole are smaller than 4, thepossibility ofturbulenceformation is very small.