Experimental study on swirling flow of dilute surfactant solution with deformed free-surface |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, West Dazhi Street 92, Harbin 150001, China;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2641, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan;3. Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 4-6-1, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan;1. ESIME Azcapotzalco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida de las Granjas No. 682, Colonia Santa Catarina, Delegación Azcapotzalco, México, Distrito Federal 02250, Mexico;2. UMDI, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sisal, Yucatán, Mexico;1. Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan;2. Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208016, India;2. Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208016, India;1. Dept. of Diagnostic Methodologies and Measurement Techniques, CIRA Italian Aerospace Research Centre, Italy;2. Turbulence Mixing and Flow Control Group, Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom;3. Dept. of Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Italy |
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| Abstract: | An experimental investigation was performed on a swirling flow of dilute surfactant solution with deformed free-surface in a cylindrical container driven by the constantly rotating bottom wall. The purpose of the experiment was to estimate weak viscoelasticity in the tested surfactant solutions as well as to investigate the flow characteristics. The tested fluid was an aqueous solution of CTAC (CTAC: cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride), which is a cationic surfactant. Water, 40 ppm, 60 ppm and 200 ppm CTAC solution flows were tested at Froude numbers ranging from 2.59 to 16.3. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to measure the secondary velocity field in the meridional plane. The deformed free-surface level was extracted from the PIV images. At a similar Froude number, the depth of the dip formed at the center region of the free surface was decreased for CTAC solution flow compared with water flow. The inertia-driven vortex at the up-right corner in the meridional plane becomes more and more weakened with increase of the solution concentration or viscoelasticity. Through analyzing the overall force balance compared with water flow, the first normal stress difference characterizing the viscoelasticity was estimated for the dilute CTAC solution flows. The result supports the viscoelasticity-based turbulent drag-reduction mechanism of surfactant solution flow. |
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