多种冲击载荷条件下的人体肋骨骨折有限元分析

旨在研究不同碰撞载荷条件下基于不同失效模型的人体肋骨骨折机理. 为此采用已验证的人体有限元胸部模型来分析人体肋骨骨折现象. 该模型基于人体解剖学结构，包含了人体胸椎、腰椎、肋骨、胸骨、肋间软骨、胸腹部器官和其他的软组织，定义的生物材料参数都基于已有的文献记载. 基于人体在损伤生物力学领域内一些较为典型的肋骨骨折失效模型，根据已发表文献中的人体标本实验载荷条件模拟了人体肋骨结构在不同冲击载荷下的骨折现象，并与这些实验结果进行了对比分析. 所引用的实验结果包括单根肋骨强度结构实验和人体胸部正面碰撞块冲击实验. 从文中有限元仿真分析的结果来看，针对不同的载荷条件，不同肋骨骨折失效模型的适用性各不相同. 该人体胸部有限元模型可用于车辆交通事故中冲击载荷条件下的人体肋骨损伤生物力学研究. 

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF HUMAN RIB FRACTURE UNDER VARIOUS IMPACT LOADING CONDITIONS

This study aimed at investigating the mechanism of the human rib fracture under various impact loading conditions based on different failure models. For this purpose, a validated FE thorax model was utilized for analysis of the rib fractures. Based on the human anatomical structures, the human thorax FE model consists of ribs, vertebras, sternum, costal cartilages, internal organs, and soft tissues. Material properties used in this model were based on the published literature. The phenomenon of human rib fractures was simulated in different configurations, including structural experiments of single rib and human thorax frontal crash experiments with a cylinder impactor. Based on different rib fracture failure models in human injury biomechanics, the rib fractures from simulations were analyzed and compared with the impact responses obtained from all of the experiments from the literature. The simulation results with the FE model showed that the applicability of rib fracture failure model would depend on the loading conditions. It was proved that the FE model could be used in research of human rib fracture biomechanics under various impact loading conditions in vehicle traffic accidents.