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Membrane distillation of NaCl solution containing natural organic matter |
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| Institution: | 1. King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Nanotechnology Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;2. Centre for Water Advanced Technologies and Environmental Research (CWATER), College of Engineering, Swansea University, United Kingdom;1. Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China;2. Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China;1. National Research Council Institute on Membrane Technology (ITM-CNR), Via Pietro BUCCI, c/o The University of Calabria, Cubo 17C, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy;2. The University of Calabria, Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Rende, CS, Italy;3. Hanyang University, WCU Energy Engineering Department, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, South Korea;4. Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia |
| Abstract: | The concentration of NaCl solution containing natural organic matter by membrane distillation (MD) has been performed. The salt solution produced during animal intestines processing was used as a feed. The presence of organic compounds in the feed caused the fouling of MD membranes. The experiments were performed with polypropylene capillary membranes. A rapid flux decline caused by the deposition of organic matter on the membrane surface has been observed. The morphology and composition of the fouling layer was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (FTIR-DRS). Protein and sodium chloride constituted the major components of the gel layer. Rinsing of the MD module with a 2 wt.% citric acid solution removed a part of the fouling layer. Boiling of spent NaCl solution followed by filtration resulted in the separation of the organic matter in the form of a deposit. This enabled a significant reduction in the occurrence of fouling phenomenon. |
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