Ultrasound studies of single crystal thulium in an applied magnetic field |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physics, University Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link Road, BE1410, Brunei;2. Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK;1. Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China;2. Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, China;1. Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute, NAS of Ukraine, 5 Naukova St., 79060 Lviv, Ukraine;2. Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris Est, CMTR, CNRS and U-PEC, 2-8 rue H. Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;1. Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India;2. Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Hyderabad 500 058, India;3. Departamento de Física Teórica e Experimental, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59082 -970, Brazil;1. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China;2. Institute for clean and secure energy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA |
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| Abstract: | The paper reports the first measurements of the single crystal elastic constants of the heavy rare earth metal thulium as a function of temperature and magnetic field. The constants were obtained from ultrasonic velocity measurements over a temperature range of 4.2–296 K and in applied magnetic fields of up to 5 T. The elastic constants; C11, C33, C44 and C66=(C11–C12)/2 were determined from the ultrasonic velocities. Anomalies in the elastic constants were observed at 58 K from the c-axis propagated shear wave measurements and at 55 K from the c-axis propagated longitudinal wave measurements. Significant softening of the elastic constants C33 and C44 was observed close to TN. Application of a magnetic field (>2 T) along the c-axis direction induced further softening of the material. Electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) were also employed in addition to conventional piezoelectric quartz transducers. A marked increase in the EMATs acoustic coupling efficiency (generation and detection efficiency) occurred close to TN. |
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