冲击压缩下玻璃等脆性材料中失效波的研究进展

失效波的研究始于Rasorenov和Kanel发现K19玻璃样品后自由表面速度时程曲线上有反常再压缩信号。失效波是二十世纪九十年代冲击动力学研究领域的一个重要发现，它是指在一维平面应变冲击压缩下，在玻璃等脆性材料中由冲击波引起的一种独特的失效或破坏现象。较为系统地回顾近年来对失效波的研究工作，评述了研究现状、最新结果、发展趋势、研究方法和实验手段，对尚存的问题进行了分析讨论，并介绍了玻璃材料的基本特性。最后简单汇报了作在这方面的研究工作和取得的阶段性结果。

PROGRESS IN THE STUDY OF FAILURE WAVES IN GLASS SAMPLE UNDER SHOCK WAVE LOADING

The main aim of this paper is to review advance made in recent years on the study of failure wave. Failure waves were first observed by Rasorenov et al. in 1990. When brittle materials were loaded by impact or explosion, it was found that a wave front(following the precursor shock wave) originates from the loaded surface and propagates into the stressed brittle material, ahead of which the material is intact and behind of which the material is comminuted. The matter behind the failure front has no tensile strength and has somewhat lowered impedance. In recent years it attracts more and more attention on this problem. In this paper, authors retrospect its history, and report its characteristics and the results about failure waves in experiment and theory. Some problems still unsolved are discussed here. Its tendency is prognosticated in this field. At the same time, the job finished by authors on this topic is presented.