Ni(OH)2纳米管的制备、表征及电化学性能

以多孔氧化铝为模板, 在不同溶液浓度下, 用化学沉积法制备了氢氧化镍纳米管. 采用XRD, SEM, TEM和HRTEM等手段, 对产物的物相、表面形貌及微结构进行了表征. 结果表明所得产物是高纯度的氢氧化镍纳米管, 外径约为180～220 nm, 管壁厚20～30 nm. 将所制备的氢氧化镍纳米管制成电极, 其电化学性能测试表明, Ni(OH)₂纳米管的中空结构特点, 能够有效地提高镍电极的充电效率、放电比容量、高倍率及高温放电性能. 机理分析表明中空结构的Ni(OH)₂纳米管对于提高碱性二次电池的综合性能有着极为重要的意义.

Synthesis, Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Ni(OH)2 Nanotubes

High-purity nickel hydroxide nanotubes were prepared by chemical deposition of ammonia and nickel ion with different concentrations within an anodic alumina membrane. The as-synthesized sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM). The as-prepared nickel hydroxide nanotubes are approximately 180～220 nm in an outer diameter and 20～30 nm in wall thickness. Further investigation on the electrochemical performance of nickel hydroxide nanotubes used as the positive-electrode materials of rechargeable alkaline batteries was studied. The results showed that the Ni(OH)₂ nanotubes have superior capacity, reversibility, high-rate discharge and high-temperature working ability. The mechanism analysis shows that the hollow Ni(OH)₂ nanotubes are promising positive-electrode materials for alkaline rechargeable batteries.