Supramolecular aggregates of amphiphilic gadolinium complexes as blood pool MRI/MRA contrast agents: physicochemical characterization |
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Authors: | Vaccaro Mauro Accardo Antonella Tesauro Diego Mangiapia Gaetano Löf David Schillén Karin Söderman Olle Morelli Giancarlo Paduano Luigi |
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Institution: | Department of Chemistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cynthia, 80126 Naples, Italy. |
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Abstract: | In this paper, we present the development of a new potential blood pool contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging applications (MRA/MRI) based on gadolinium complexes containing amphiphilic supramolecular aggregates. A novel amphiphilic unimer, containing the DTPAGlu chelating agent covalently bound to two C18 alkylic chains, has been synthesized. DTPAGlu is a well-known chelating agent for a wide number of ions such as the paramagnetic metal ion Gd3+ used as contrast agent in MRA/MRI. The wide aggregation behavior of this surfactant, as free base or as gadolinium complex, has been studied and compared by means of dynamic light scattering, small-angle neutron scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy techniques. Near neutral pH in both cases, the dominant aggregates are micelles.The high negative actual charge of the surfactant headgroup causes a strong headgroups repulsion, promoting the formation of large and high curvature aggregates. By decreasing pH and less markedly increasing the ionic strength, we observe a micelle-to-vesicle transition driven by a decreased electrostatic repulsion. A straightforward switch between different aggregation states can be particularly useful in the development of pH-responsive MRA/MRI contrast agents. |
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