Automatic Stepwise Potentiometric Titration in a Monosegmented Flow System |
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Authors: | Eduardo P Borges Patrícia B Martelli Boaventura F Reis |
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Institution: | Instituto de Química de S?o Carlos, Universidade de S?o Paulo, S?o Carlos SP, Brazil, BR Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de S?o Paulo, PO Box 96, Piracicaba SP 13400-970, Brazil, BR
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Abstract: | An automatic stepwise potentiometric titration carried out in a monosegmented flow system is proposed. A tubular hydrogen
ion-selective electrode without inner reference solution was employed as sensor. The titration procedure was implemented by
exploiting continuous variations in volumetric fractions achieved by inserting different sample and titrant aliquots into
the analytical path and maintaining the sample zone volume. Every sample plug was separated from the carrier solution by air
bubbles to minimize dispersion and to distinguish each sample plug signal. The flow set-up comprised a set of computer-controlled
three-way solenoid valves, and the software was written in Quick BASIC 4.5 allowing end-point determination while the titration
was in progress. The feasibility of the system was ascertained by analyzing soft drinks, isotonic beverages, alcohol free
beers and industrial fruit juices. Results were in agreement with those obtained by a conventional titration, and no significant
difference at 95% confidence level was observed. Other profitable features such as a 1% standard deviation (n = 10), and an analytical throughput of 22 samples per hour were also achieved.
Received January 24, 2000. Revision June 16, 2000. |
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Keywords: | : Potentiometric titration tubular pH electrode stepwise titration monosegmented flow multicommutation |
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