Wake-boundary layer interaction subject to convex and concave curvatures and adverse pressure gradient |
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Authors: | E G Tulapurkara A B Khoshnevis J L Narasimhan |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Aerospace Engineering, I.I.T. Madras, 600 036 India, IN;(2) Department of Applied Mechanics, I.I.T. Madras, India, IN |
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Abstract: | Measurements of mean velocity and turbulent quantities have been carried out when the wake of a symmetrical airfoil interacts
with the boundary layer on the (i) walls of a straight duct/diffuser and (ii) convex and concave walls of a curved duct/diffuser.
The effects of adverse pressure gradient and of curvatures on the interaction are studied separately and in combination. Six
cases are considered, viz. with (i) neither pressure gradient nor curvature, (ii) adverse pressure gradient and no curvature,
(iii) and (iv) convex curvature with zero and adverse pressure gradients, respectively, (v) and (vi) concave curvature with
zero and adverse pressure gradients, respectively. For the flows with curvature, the curvature parameter δ/R is 0.023, and for the flows with adverse pressure gradient, the Clauser pressure gradient parameter β is 0.62. The individual influences of adverse pressure gradient and convex and concave curvatures on the boundary layer are
similar to those observed by earlier investigations. It is further observed that the combined effect of concave/convex curvature
and the adverse pressure gradient causes higher turbulence intensities than the sum of the individual effects. The effect
of curvature is to make the wake asymmetric, and in combination with adverse pressure gradient the asymmetry increases. It
is observed that the adverse pressure gradient causes faster wake–boundary-layer interaction. Comparing measurements in a
straight duct, a curved duct, a curved diffuser and a straight diffuser, it is seen that the convex curvature reduces the
boundary layer thickness. The asymmetry in wake development compensates for this effect and the wake–boundary-layer interaction
on a convex surface is almost the same as that on a straight surface. In the case of interaction with the boundary layer on
a concave surface, the curvature increases the boundary layer thickness and causes enhanced turbulence intensities. However,
the asymmetry in wake is such that the extent of wake is lower towards the boundary layer side. As a result, the wake–boundary-layer
interaction on concave surface is almost the same as on a straight surface. The interaction is faster in the presence of adverse
pressure gradient.
Received: 16 June 2000 / Accepted: 17 May 2001 |
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