Intact-sheet double-layer ablation induced by femtosecond-laser excitation of graphite |
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| Authors: | H. Ohnishi E. Inami J. Kanasaki |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Solid State Theory Division, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1, Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan;2. Nanosystem Research Institute (NRI), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan;3. The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Structural changes of graphite surfaces induced by femtosecond (fs) laser excitation at a fluence regime above 75 mJ/cm2 are reported. Direct imagings of excited surfaces by means of scanning tunneling microscopy have revealed that fs-excitations induce nanometer-scaled craters, together with sp3-type interlayer-bonded domains. The nano-craters are characterized by atomically-flat bottom and two atomic-steps in depth, indicating the exfoliation of fragmentary intact-sheets of double-layer of graphite. The theoretical simulation has shown that the required energy for the double-layer ablation is much lowered by the help of interlayer-bond formation, compared to the sequential removal of individual graphene layers. Based on the experimental and theoretical results, the exfoliation of double graphite layers, that is a novel mode of laser-ablation observed first, indicates clearly that the formation of strong interlayer bonds between the two atomic layers is a crucial step in the ablation process. |
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