| 弗兰克-赫兹实验中电流信号强度随温度变化的现象 |
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| 引用本文： | 唐爽,白翠琴,马世红. 弗兰克-赫兹实验中电流信号强度随温度变化的现象[J]. 大学物理, 2012, 31(9): 50-52,60 |
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| 作者姓名： | 唐爽 白翠琴 马世红 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 麻省理工学院材料科学与工程系,美国马萨诸塞州剑桥市02139;复旦大学物理系,上海200433
2. 复旦大学物理系,上海,200433 |
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| 摘 要： | 弗兰克-赫兹实验中,IP-VG2K信号的强度会随温度和灯丝电压而变化.本文发现在温度低于160℃时,IP-VG2K信号强度随温度的升高而减小;当温度超过170℃后,信号随温度的升高而增大.本文提出了电场中Hg蒸气被热电离的模型,利用热力学平衡定律和Le Chteler原理,对此现象提出了合理的解释并通过了实验的验证.
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| 关 键 词： | 弗兰克-赫兹实验 IP-VG2K信号强度 热电离 |
Study on the variation of current signal intensity in Franck-Hertz experiment |
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| TANG Shuang , BAI Cui-qin , MA Shi-hong. Study on the variation of current signal intensity in Franck-Hertz experiment[J]. College Physics, 2012, 31(9): 50-52,60 |
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| Authors: | TANG Shuang BAI Cui-qin MA Shi-hong |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Department of Materials Science and Engineering,Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge,MA 02139,USA; 2.Department of Physics,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China) |
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| Abstract: | In the Franck-Hertz experiment,the intensity of Ip-V varies with the temperature of the oven and the voltage of the filament.We find that the intensity of Ip-V signal decreases with the temperature when the temperature is below 160 ℃,and increases with the temperature when the temperature is higher than 170 ℃.We then introduce the model of thermal excitation and ionization,which explains such phenomenon when the law of thermal-dynamic equilibrium and the Le Chteler’s law are applied.After that,we have designed some additional experiments,whose results support our postulation. |
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| Keywords: | Frank-Hertz experiment Ip-V signal thermal ionization |
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