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Extensions on 2-edge connected 3-regular up-embeddable graphs
Authors:Huang Yuanqiu  Liu Yanpei
Affiliation:(1) Department of Mathematics, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, China;(2) Department of Mathematics, Northern Jiaotong University, 100044 Beijing, China
Abstract:It is known(5) that an investigation of the up-embeddability of the 3-regular graphs shows a useful approach to that of the general graph. But as far, very few characterizations of the up-embeddability are known on the 3-regular graphs. LetG be a 2-edge connected 3-regular graph. We prove thatG is up-embeddable if and only ifG can be obtained from the graphs ϑ, 
$$widetildetheta $$
orK 4 by a series ofM- orN-extensions. Meanwhile, we also present a new structural characterization of such graphG provided thatG is up-embeddable.
Keywords:Graph   surface   Betti number   up-embeddability
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