Quantitative monitoring of an activated sludge reactor using on-line UV-visible and near-infrared spectroscopy |
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Authors: | Mafalda C Sarragu?a Ana Paulo Madalena M Alves Ana M A Dias Jo?o A Lopes and Eugénio C Ferreira |
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Institution: | (1) REQUIMTE, Servi?o de Qu?mica-F?sica, Faculdade de Farm?cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua An?bal Cunha, 164, 4099-030 Porto, Portugal;(2) IBB—Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; |
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Abstract: | The performance of an activated sludge reactor can be significantly enhanced through use of continuous and real-time process-state
monitoring, which avoids the need to sample for off-line analysis and to use chemicals. Despite the complexity associated
with wastewater treatment systems, spectroscopic methods coupled with chemometric tools have been shown to be powerful tools
for bioprocess monitoring and control. Once implemented and optimized, these methods are fast, nondestructive, user friendly,
and most importantly, they can be implemented in situ, permitting rapid inference of the process state at any moment. In this
work, UV-visible and NIR spectroscopy were used to monitor an activated sludge reactor using in situ immersion probes connected
to the respective analyzers by optical fibers. During the monitoring period, disturbances to the biological system were induced
to test the ability of each spectroscopic method to detect the changes in the system. Calibration models based on partial
least squares (PLS) regression were developed for three key process parameters, namely chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate
concentration (N-NO3−), and total suspended solids (TSS). For NIR, the best results were achieved for TSS, with a relative error of 14.1% and a
correlation coefficient of 0.91. The UV-visible technique gave similar results for the three parameters: an error of ~25%
and correlation coefficients of ~0.82 for COD and TSS and 0.87 for N-NO3−. The results obtained demonstrate that both techniques are suitable for consideration as alternative methods for monitoring
and controlling wastewater treatment processes, presenting clear advantages when compared with the reference methods for wastewater
treatment process qualification. |
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