藻类内源产生有色溶解有机物的吸收和三维荧光特性研究

利用吸收光谱和三维荧光光谱-平行因子分析(EEM-PARAFAC) 方法，研究了海洋中常见的四种硅藻、两种甲藻藻液的CDOM的光吸收性质和三维荧光特性。吸收光谱测定结果表明在六种藻类生长过程中，旋链角毛藻、三角褐指藻、小新月菱形藻和盐生舟行藻四种硅藻以及东海原甲藻和裸甲藻两种甲藻的α(355)分别增加了64.8%，242.3%，535.1%，903.2%，836.0%和196.4%。表征CDOM分子量和类腐殖质组分比例的Sg呈下降趋势，分别降低了8.7%, 34.6%, 39.4%, 53.1%, 46.7%和35.7%。在三维荧光光谱测定中检测出小新月菱形藻和盐生舟行藻两种硅藻藻滤液的CDOM包括三种类腐殖质组分和一种类蛋白质组分：C1(Ex/Em=350(260) nm/450 nm)，C2(Ex/Em=260(430) nm/525 nm)，C3(Ex/Em=325 nm/400 nm)和C4(Ex/Em=275 nm/325 nm)。随着藻类的生长，小新月菱形藻和盐生舟行藻藻滤液的CDOM荧光强度分别增加了8.68，24.9，7.19，39.8倍和2.64，0.07，4.39，12.4倍，经过相关性分析表明各组分的荧光强度与α(355)和Sg之间均表现为良好的相关性。综上研究结果表明不论是甲藻还是硅藻，在生长过程中藻类内源所产生的CDOM的含量及分子量均表现为上升趋势，且硅藻类相比甲藻增长变化更为明显。在CDOM的组成中，类腐殖质成分随藻类生长所占比重同步增大，类蛋白质组分增长缓慢。另外通过该研究可以发现不同种类的藻所产生的CDOM的吸收光谱有明显差异，由三维荧光光谱得到的不同荧光组分强度也因藻种不同而不同，说明不同藻种在天然海水中对CDOM的贡献有很大区别。

Absorption and Fluorescence Properties of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter Produced by Algae

Four kinds of diatom (Chaetoceros curvisetus, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Nitzschia closterium f. minutissima and Navicula halophile) and two kinds of dinoflagellates (Prorocentrum donghaiense and Gymnodinium) were cultured under laboratory conditions. Variations of optical properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) were studied with absorption and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy(EEM)during growth of marine microalgae in incubation experiment. Absorption spectrum revealed absorption coefficient α(355) (CDOM absorption coefficients at 355 nm) of 6 kinds of marine microalgae above increased by 64.8%, 242.3%, 535.1%, 903.2%, 836% and 196.4%, respectively.Simultaneously,the absorption spectral slope(Sg), determined between 270 and 350 nm, representing the size of molecular weight of CDOM and humic-like composition, decreased by 8.7%, 34.6%, 39.4%, 53.1%, 46.7%, and 35.7%, respectively. Applying parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) together with EEM got four components of CDOM: C1(Ex/Em=350(260) nm/450 nm), C2 (Ex/Em=260(430) nm/525 nm), C3 (Ex/Em=325 nm/400 nm) and C4(Ex/Em=275 nm/325 nm), which were relative to three humic-like and one protein-like fluorescent components of Nitzschia closterium f. minutissima and Navicula halophile. In incubation experiment, fluorescence intensity of these four components during growth of Nitzschia closterium f. minutissima increased by, respectively, 8.68, 24.9, 7.19 and 39.8 times, and those of Navicula halophile increased by 2.64, 0.07, 4.39 and 12.4 times, respectively. Significant relationships were found between the fluorescence intensity of four components of CDOM, α(355) and Sg. All results demonstrated that both content and molecular weight of CDOM produced by diatom and dinoflagellate studied in incubation experiment increased,but these two parameters changed more obviously of the diatom than those of dinoflagellate; the proportion of humic-like components in the composition of CDOM also increased clearly with the growth of marine microalgae, but protein-like fluorescent component had only a slow growth. Furthermore, the absorption spectrum of CDOM produced by different species of algae changed obviously and the relative composition fluorescence intensity of CDOM produced by different microalgae were found to vary among different composition from EEM, which suggested CDOM produced by different microalgae make quite different contributions to CDOM in natural seawater.