基于原理实例检索的可变功能产品功能升级再设计

针对可变功能产品随市场变化导致其功能和性能存在不足之处的情况, 提出了用于该类产品功能升级再设计的“原理实例检索法”. 首先, 归纳总结出功能升级的4种基本类型, 依据总结出的功能升级类型, 从功能需求的角度出发, 提出了一个功能升级辅助再设计软件原型系统, 用以进行原理实例的检索. 若检索结果无相关原理或实例支持功能升级, 则对升级功能进行TRIZ(发明问题解决理论)工程参数转化, 通过构建冲突矩阵获得创新原理解. 以电动工具为例, 建立的功能升级辅助再设计系统搜集了用于实现电动工具常见功能的基本原理和实例, 并利用Access数据库和Visual Basic 6.0对设计信息进行存储和原型系统构建. 其次, 对升级功能结构和原共享结构间的匹配情况进行分析, 得出结构匹配可能出现的5类基本情况. 最后, 以电钻“打磨固体”升级功能设计为实例, 利用上述功能升级再设计方法, 设计出了磨砺性能良好的“去锈打磨盘”, 验证了所提出的可变功能产品功能升级再设计方法的可行性.

Functional upgrading of adaptable-function products based on a principle-and-case retrieval method

To address the problems of functional inappropriateness and performance deficiency of the adaptable-function products, a redesign method called principle-and-case retrieval is proposed. A functional upgrading software prototype from the perspective of functional requirement is presented, by which the proposed principle-and-case retrieval method is implemented to assist the designers in identifying suitable design solutions. In the case where no suitable design principle or design case is retrievable, it is proposed to convert the known design requirements into their corresponding TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) engineering parameters so as to help obtain innovative design principles through TRIZ conflict matrix. Some commonly-used design principles and design cases for electric tools are collected to build a Microsoft ACCESS database, and Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 is used for the implementation of the software prototype. The matching conditions of the upgraded structural components and the original unchanged components, i.e. the shared components for multiple functions, are analyzed, from which five basic matching conditions are concluded. Finally, an electric drill is used as a design case study, for which a new component of “derusting and polishing disc” is designed, with a new additional function called “polishing and derusting” being developed. The case study demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed principle-and-case retrieval functional upgrading methodology.