丰富环境改善阿尔茨海默病的基础研究进展

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种以进行性认知障碍和记忆能力损害为主的神经退行性疾病. 虽然针对AD发病机制和治疗的研究众多, 但目前仍缺乏十分有效的治疗手段. 一些研究显示, 通过改变生活环境和方式, 进行各种体育活动, 在预防及改善AD方面发挥重要作用. 丰富环境是指相对于标准实验室饲养条件而言可以增强动物感觉、认知和运动等各方面刺激的实验室饲养条件, 丰富环境可增加海马神经发生, 增强突触可塑性及提高认知行为等. 从最初发现丰富环境对神经退行性病变神经元丢失有改善作用之后, 关于丰富环境与AD的研究层出不穷, 从多角度如β淀粉样蛋白及Tau蛋白磷酸化等方面阐释丰富环境对AD的改善作用及相关机制. 本文就丰富环境对AD的改善作用及相关调节机制做一综述.

Research process of the role of environmental enrichment in improving Alzheimers disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease with progressive cognitive and memory impairment. Despite intensive study about its?mechanism?and?treatment, there is still no effective treatment at present. Studies find that changing the living environment and way, strengthening physical exercise can prevent and relieve AD. One broad definition of environmental enrichment (EE) is a housing condition that facilitates enhanced sensory, cognitive and motor stimulation relative to standard housing conditions. EE has been shown to confer benefits to hippocampal neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, cognitive performance and so on. Since ameliorating neuron loss by EE was initially found in the neurodegenerative disorders, the research on EE and AD has been widely reported such as ameliorating related mechanisms on Amyloid β protein (Aβ) and Tau protein from different views. The authors review the latest progress in the beneficial effects of EE on AD and the underlying mechanisms.