张之洞与中国教育近代化

张之洞对中国教育近代化的贡献主要表现在三个层面：首先，他改造书院，兴办学堂，倡导派员留学，推动了中国教育实践的近代化。其次，他极力主张废科举制度，并参与制定湖北学制和癸卯学制，初步完成了中国教育制度的近代化。再次。他的通经致用的人才观、师范教育观和中体西用的教育思想等。都有力地推动了中国教育思想观念的近代化。

Zhang Zhidong & China's Educational Modernization

Zhang Zhidong's contribution to China's educational modernization is mainly at the following three levels: 1.academy reform of classical learning, school running, advocacy of sending students abroad, which promoted the modernization of China's educational practice; 2.advocacy of imperial examination system abolishment, which preliminarily helped realize the modernization of China's education, and 3.view of practical talent and teachers' education, and the educational ideology of adhering to the domination of Chinese culture and supplement of western culture, which promoted the modernization of China's educational ideology.