电沉积ZnO纳米棒阵列及共形结构杂化太阳能电池

采用电沉积法制备出ZnO致密纳米颗粒膜和不同尺寸的纳米棒阵列。通过在ZnO上旋涂p型聚合物聚3-己基噻酚(P3HT)与n型富勒烯衍生物6,6]-苯基-C61丁酸甲酯(PCBM)的混合物,并蒸镀金属Ag,制备出不同结构的杂化太阳能电池。通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射、光致发光和模拟太阳光光电性能测试,对ZnO的生长条件、晶体形貌及缺陷与太阳能电池性能之间的关系进行了系统研究。结果表明,ZnO的形貌和晶体缺陷的分布对杂化太阳能电池有重要影响,避免共混聚合物与ZnO缺陷聚集区的直接接触可有效消除电流泄漏。在电池结构方面,与ZnO纳米阵列块状结构杂化太阳能电池相比,共形结构的杂化太阳能电池可有效缩短空穴到金属电极的传输距离,增大聚合物与金属电极的接触面积,光电转换效率可提升64%~101%。

Electrodeposited ZnO Nanorod Arrays and the Conformal Hybrid Solar Cells

ZnO dense grain films and nanorod arrays were prepared by electrodeposition. The hybrid solar cells with different structures were fabricated through spin coating of poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) blend onto the ZnO samples, and evaporating of Ag. The relationship of ZnO growth parameters, morphologies, crystal defects and device performances was studied through scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence spectra and photovoltaic measurements. The results indicated that the morphologies and the location of the defects greatly influenced the solar cell performances. The current leakage can be eliminated by avoiding the direct contact between the polymer blend and the defect accumulation area of ZnO. The conversion efficiency of the nanostructured conformal solar cells improved 64%~101% compared with the bulk one, due to the shorter hole transport route and the larger contact area between the polymer blend and the metal electrode.