惰性盐辅助合成介孔石墨化碳片及其电容性能

以惰性盐KCl为模板、硝酸镍为金属催化剂镍源、葡萄糖为碳源,通过碳化处理制备了介孔石墨化碳片。利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X-射线衍射仪和比表面测试仪对介孔石墨化碳片进行了表征。探讨了碳片形成的机理,采用三电极测试体系研究了介孔石墨化碳片电极材料的电化学性能。结果表明,10 g KCl制备的碳片比表面积最大(989 m2·g-1),在6 mol·L-1KOH电解液中,当电流密度为0.5 A·g-1时,比电容达到180 F·g-1;当电流密度达到10 A·g-1时,比电容维持在148 F·g-1,显示了电极具有较好的倍率性能;在10 A·g-1条件下,2 000次循环充放电测试后电容没有发生衰减,展示了在超级电容器方面的应用潜力。

Mesoporous Graphitized Carbon Sheets:Inert Salt Assisted Preparation and Electrochemical Capacitance

With assistance of the inert salt KCl,two-dimensional mesoporous graphitized carbon sheets were synthesized by using Ni(NO₃)₂·9H₂O as the metal catalyst and glucose as the carbon source.The morphology and structure of the title sheets were investigated by using the X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption.The formation mechanism of the title sheets was suggested.The electrochemical performances of the title sheets as the electrode materials for supercapacitors were also studied.The results show that the specific surface area of the title sheets is as high as 989 m²·g^-1 when using 10 g KCl.The electrode shows a high capacitance of 180 F·g^-1 in 6 mol·L^-1 KOH electrolyte and a good rate capability with a capacitance retention of 80% at 10 A·g^-1 vs.0.5 A·g^-1.It also delivers an excellent cycling stability without capacitance fading over 2 000 cycles.