Phenolic Constituents of Lamium album L. subsp. album Flowers: Anatomical,Histochemical, and Phytochemical Study |
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Authors: | Aneta Sulborska Agata Konarska Anna Matysik-Wo
niak Marta Dmitruk Elbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska Agnieszka Skalska-Kamiska Robert Rejdak |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.); (E.W.-C.);2.Department of General Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Chmielna 1, 20-079 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.-W.); (R.R.);3.Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; |
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Abstract: | Flos Lamii albi has a high biological activity and is widely used in herbal medicine. The aim of the study was to characterize the secretory structures present in Lamium album subsp. album corolla and the location of phenolic compounds. Additionally, we carried out qualitative phytochemical analyses of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Light, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze the structure of the floral organs. The main classes of phenolic compounds and their localization were determined histochemically. Phytochemical analyses were performed with high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Six types of glandular trichomes were found which contained flavonoids, phenolic acids, and tannins. The phytochemical studies demonstrated the presence of caffeic, chlorogenic, ferulic, gallic, p-coumaric, protocatechuic, syringic, gentisic, and vanillic phenolic acids as well as rutoside, isoquercetin, and quercetin flavonoids. The corolla in L. album subsp. album has antioxidant properties due to the presence of various polyphenols, as shown by the histo- and phytochemical analyses. The distribution and morphology of trichomes and the content of phenolic compounds in the corolla have taxonomic, pharmacognostic, and practical importance, facilitating the identification of the raw material. |
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Keywords: | phenolic acids flavonoids tannins secretory trichomes white nettle corolla |
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