密度对不同株型玉米产量及主要农艺性状的影响

该试验选取平展型长玉13、半紧凑型东单60和紧凑型郑单958等3种株型玉米为试材,分别在39 000,48 000,57 000株/hm2等3个密度下种植,分析了种植密度对不同株型玉米籽粒产量、穗粒性状和植株性状的影响.结果表明:3个品种的玉米产量随种植密度的增加而增加,且半紧凑型东单60产量最高;随种植密度的增加,行粒数、穗长、穗粗、轴粗、穗位叶面积和千粒质量呈下降趋势;株高、穗位高和雄穗分枝数呈上升趋势;各性状受株型与密度的互作影响不大.因此,在重庆提高玉米单产的关键是选取优良的丰产品种,并合理密植.

Effect of Planting Density on Yield and Main Agronomic Characters of Different Plant Type Maize Hybrids

Loose-type maize cv.Changyu 13,semi-compact maize cv.Dongdan 60 and compact maize cv.Zhengdan 958 were planted at 39 000 plants/ha,48 000 plants/ha and 57 000 plants/ha,respectively,to investigate the effects of planting density on the yield,ear and kernel traits and plant traits in maize hybrids of different plant types.The results showed that the yields of three maize cultivars increased with increasing planting density,and Dongdan 60 gave the highest yield.With the increase in planting density,kernels per row,ear length,ear diameter and cob diameter,ear leaf area and 1 000-kernel-weight decreased,but plant height,ear height and tassel branch number increased.The interactions between plant type and planting density were non-significant in the traits investigated.Therefore,it is the key for improving maize yield per unit area in Chongqing to choose elite maize cultivars as well as adopt a reasonable planting density.