重复使用运载器预测与健康管理PHM技术研究

为了实现传统一次性运载火箭的可重复使用特性,提高重复使用运载器的安全性、可靠性及维修保障性,破解重复使用运载器研制难度大、技术风险高的难题,研究了一种重复使用运载器的预测与健康管理系统方案;该系统采用一种“机载-地面”辅助决策的系统设计方案,机载部分采用分层分布式的系统架构设计方案,地面部分采用区域管理和综合调度的设计方案,有效实现运载器在线式健康状态监测与诊断;重复使用运载器预测与健康管理设计方案的应用,确保运载器在全寿命周期内,实现在线实时故障检测、故障预测和健康评估,为故障处理、维修保障和系统操作优化提供决策支持,显著提升了重复使用运载器的安全性、可靠性、保障性和效费比。

Research on Architecture of Prognostic Health Management of Reusable Launch Vehicle

with the success of USA SpaceX "grasshopper" rocket recycling test, the repeated use demand of traditional expendable launch vehicle is being pushed to the forefront. The research and design of reusable launch vehicle (RLV) are facing so many difficulties such as lots of key technologies unsolved, huge input and high-risk, etc. Therefore, application of prognostic health management of RLV is essential thing during the design process, which can ensure the safe launch and safe return. The paper, according to the characteristics and specific requirements of RLV, puts forward an architecture based on ground , and proposes a scheme of health management system based on hierarchical distributed structure, which is suitable for repeated use and convenient model training. Prognostic health management system undertakes the tasks of state detection, fault diagnosis and health assessment in the whole life cycle of RLV to achieve the purpose of troubleshooting, maintenance support and operation optimization. It is an important way to enhance performances of RLV in safety, reliability and cost-effectiveness in the future.