Nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy of the development of the parasitoid wasp Venturia canescens within its host moth Plodia interpunctella |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland;2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland;1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA;2. DENLABS, Draper, UT, 84020, USA;1. Palaeontological Institute and Museum, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland;2. Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;1. Laboratório de Bioquímica de Artrópodes Hematófagos, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Bioquímica de Vetores de Doenças, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;3. Departamento de Nutrição Básica e Experimental, Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;4. Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Brazil;5. Bioinformatics and Genomics Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;6. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;7. Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women''s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;8. Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2508, Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico;1. Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA 94305, USA;2. Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, USA;1. Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK;2. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK;3. Leicester Diabetes Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK;4. Department of Infection and HIV Medicine, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK;5. Department of Intensive Care, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK;6. Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK;7. Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK;8. School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King''s BHF Centre of Excellence, London, UK |
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| Abstract: | Nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy was used to image the parasitoid wasp Venturia canescens (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) within larval and pupal instars of its host, the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The images were obtained using gradient-echo and chemical shift selective pulse sequences and clearly showed the location and shapes of the parasitoid as it developed from the L1 larva to a pupal stage within the host. The digestive, nervous, and tracheal systems of the host were identified and changes were observed as the host underwent metamorphosis. Destruction of the host tissues by the parasitoid was visible. It was found that the parasitoid first ate the fat body and digestive system of the host, allowing the host to continue to grow, and only progressed to the vital organs when its own development had neared pupation. |
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