D-branes and fat black holes |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;2. Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4060, USA;1. Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China;2. Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;3. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States;1. Institute of Physics, Jan Kochanowski University, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland;2. The H. Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Kraków, Poland;3. Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA;1. Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA;2. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;3. Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil;4. Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, CH-1211 Genève 23, Switzerland;5. ExtreMe Matter Institute (EMMI), GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The application of D-brane methods to large black holes whose Schwarzschild radius is larger than the compactification scale is problematic. Callan and Maldacena have suggested that despite apparent problems of strong interactions when the number of branes becomes large, the open string degrees of freedom may remain very dilute due to the growth of the horizon area which they claim grows more rapidly than the average number of open strings. Such a picture of a dilute weakly coupled string system conflicts with the picture of a dense string soup that saturates the bound of one string per Planck area. A more careful analysis shows that Callan and Maldacena were not fully consistent in their estimates. In the form that their model was studied it can not be used to extrapolate to large mass without being in conflict with the Hawking-Bekenstein entropy formula. A somewhat modified model can reproduce the correct entropy formula. In this “improved model” the number of string bits on the horizon scales like the entropy in agreement with earlier speculations of Susskind. |
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