Vaporization and atomization of neodymium in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Micro- and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory, Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy;2. Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy;3. Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Department Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Luxemburger Str. 116, D-50939 Köln, Germany;1. School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia;2. Department of Energy Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden;3. The Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran;4. School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia;5. Research Group MOBI – Mobility, Logistics, and Automotive Technology Research Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, 1050, Belgium;6. Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran;7. Faculty of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran;8. School of Management, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia;9. Flanders Make, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium;1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;2. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Functional Organic Molecules, College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China;3. Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line Project of South-to-North Water Diversion of Henan Province, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China;4. Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;1. Clean Energy Research Group, Department of Mechanical & Aeronautical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kordofan University, Al Obied, Sudan;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria;4. Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;5. Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa |
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| Abstract: | A combined theoretical and experimental approach has been used to investigate the atomization process for neodymium in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Experimental results, using GFAAS and electrothermal vaporization-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, show that both oxide and carbide dissociation are responsible for Nd atom formation. A thermodynamic equilibrium model for atomization, based on the thermal dissociation of gaseous lanthanide monoxides, is presented. This model will account for the wide variation in sensitivities reported for the determination of rare earth elements by GFAAS and gives a good correlation between experimental characteristic mass values and monoxide bond dissociation energies. |
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