清华大学物理系原子核物理研究的新进展

在清华大学物理系成立80周年之际,对近年来清华大学物理系原子核物理研究的主要进展情况作一介绍,包括原子核高自旋态的实验研究,原子核结构的理论研究,高能核物理的理论研究.在高自旋态研究方面,内容包括在A～100丰中子核区核的集体振动转动带结构、新的准粒子带特性、新手征二重带等特性研究;在A～140丰中子核区核的八极形变及八级关联等特性研究;在A～130缺中子核区核的形状驱动效应,包括扁椭形变带、形状共存等特性研究.在原子核结构理论研究方面,内容包括用相互作用玻色子模型、推转壳模型、投影壳模型以及相对论平均场对原子核特性的研究;对原子核结构或其他量子系统的各种对称性和代数方法的研究,如动力学对称性、超对称性、势代数方法等;与对称性紧密联系的普通李代数和非线性李代数的表示,如普通李代数、李超代数、平方根型非线性李代数、多项式型非线性李代数等.在高能核物理研究方面,内容主要包括量子色动力学（QCD）在高温高密条件下的相变以及在相对论重离子碰撞中相变信号的研究.

New progress of research on nuclear physics in Department of Physics of Tsinghua University

In celebrating of the founding of 80 years for the Department of Physics of Tsinghua University, we here make briefly review of the main progress of recent research on nuclear physics in our department. The research subjects involve the experimental study of nuclear high spin states, the theoretical research on nuclear structure and the high energy nuclear physics. In the high spin state study, the contents include the collective vibrational- and rotational-band structures, the new quasiparticle bands, and the new chiral doublet bands etc. in A~100 neutron-rich region, the octupole deformation and correlations in A~140 neutron-rich region, and the nuclear shape driving effects, such as, the prolate deformation, the shape coexistence etc. in A~130 neutron-deficient region. In the theoretical research on nuclear structure, the contents involve the Interacting Bose Model, the Cranked Shell Model, the Projected Shell Model, the research on the nuclear property using the relativistic mean field, the research on the symmetry and algebraic method for the nuclear structure and the other quantum system, such as, the dynamical symmetry, the supersymmetry, the potential algebraic method etc., and the representation of general Lie algebra and non-liner Lie algebra with closely relating to the symmetry, such as, the general Lie algebra, the Lie super-algebra, the square\|root non-linear Lie algebra, and the polynomial non-liner Lie algebra etc.. In the high energy nuclear physics study, the contents include the phase transition of the Quantum Color Dynamics (QCD) under the high temperature and high density, and the phase transition signal of the relativistic heavy-ion collision.