用于精确定向的低噪声半球陀螺设计

半球谐振陀螺是一种高精度、长寿命的新型振动陀螺仪。为设计具备良好角速率测量精度和低噪声特性的半球陀螺及满足航天器精确定向和姿态控制需求，该文分析了半球陀螺噪声产生的机理，讨论了谐振子参数、控制系统参数及电子线路对半球陀螺噪声的影响，并针对敏感器和电子线路进行了优化设计。结果表明，优化设计后的半球陀螺噪声及角度随机游走显著降低，约为改进前的50%，与美国Northrop Grumman公司HRG130P半球谐振陀螺基本型的噪声水平基本相当。

Design of Low Noise Hemispherical Gyrofor Precise Orientation

The Hemispherical resonator gyro is a new kind of vibratory gyro with high precision and long life. In order to design a hemispherical resonator gyro with good angular rate measurement accuracy and low noise characteristics, and to meet the requirements of accurate orientation and attitude control of the spacecraft, the mechanism of noise generation of hemispherical resonator gyro is analyzed in this paper, and the effects of the harmonic oscillator parameters, control system parameters and electronic circuit parameters on the noise of the hemispherical gyro are discussed, the optimized design of the sensor and electronic circuit is carried out. The results show that the noise level and angular random walk after the optimized design are significantly reduced by about 50% of that before the optimized design, which is comparable to the noise level of the basic type HRG130P hemispherical resonator gyro from Northrop Grumman Corporation in U.S.A.