非惯性弹道飞行器气动布局设计实践

从阻力主导惯性再入到升力主导机动再入是无动力高超声速飞行器的主要发展方向, 文章讨论了任务使命动力配置飞行模式及总体规模限制下的布局设计原则, 研究了不同构型升阻效率及升力载荷系数与模线形状横截面形状及容积利用率分段装填容积间的关系, 探讨了包括拉起/下压滑翔弹跳/滑翔等射面机动与Z字螺旋锥形空间机动等飞行模式与匹配的气动操纵面设计质心布置压心/静稳定裕度纵横向静动稳定性等, 从热安全角度提出了总体/气动/防热/结构/弹道/控制等多物理场高度耦合下的飞行器热力气动布局多学科设计优化, 结合非惯性弹道飞行器气动布局设计问题, 给出了满足分段容积要求防热要求及操稳要求的飞行器气动构型设计优化实例. 

Practices of Aerodynamic Configuration Design for Non-ballistic Trajectory Vehicles

One of the main developing tendencies for powerless hypersonic vehicle flight modes is from drag dominated ballistic reentry to lift dominated maneuvering reentry. Practices of aerodynamic configuration design for non-ballistic trajectory vehicles were summarized, Design principles under the restraints of mission task, propulsion model and overall sizing were discussed. Relationships among vehicle aerodynamic efficiency and lift parameter, lofting curve, cross section shape, volumetric efficiency, subsection loading space were investigated. Maneuvering mechanisms for pull up/push down, gliding, skip-gliding and space tactical movements, including Z-form, spiral and conic maneuver, were studied and simulated. Corresponding aerodynamic control surface matching, mass center location, pressure center and stability were designed. Concept of aerothermodynamics configuration design and optimization for up to date highly coupled multidisciplinary compromise relating to overall sizing, aerodynamic, thermal protection, trajectory and control were proposed.