新疆甘家湖梭梭林绿洲-荒漠过渡带土地利用／覆被动态变化分析

文章以新疆甘家湖梭梭林绿洲-荒漠过渡带为研究对象，基于 MSS、SPOT 和 ETM 遥感数据资料，基于景观生态学理论，采用土地利用变化分析方法，定量研究了甘家湖梭梭林绿洲-荒漠过渡带1972-2008年土地利用/覆被变化特征和趋势，同时分析了土地利用类型转入/转出贡献率，并对其变化原因进行了分析。结果表明1972-2008年间，研究区沙地与盐碱地面积大增，且增加速度较快，而草地面积大量减少；林地和盐碱地是研究区最具优势的土地利用类型，沙地的优势度表现为增加的趋势；在转入和转出过程中，林地和沙地、盐碱地及草地和沙地之间的转化较明显，林地表现为内部的转移；转入贡献率中占优势的是林地和沙地，转出贡献率中占优势的为林地和盐碱地，说明林地、沙地和盐碱地在研究区土地利用格局中最活跃。过渡带内生态退化加剧，生态破坏严重，其主要原因与自然环境变化及水资源的利用有密切关系。

Study on Land Use/Cover Dynamic Change in Ganjia lake Ecotone

Based on the RS and GIS and land use change methods ,this paper analyzed the variation features and trend and Contribution rate of conversion -in and conversion -out of land use change in the Ganjia lake ecotone during 1972-2008 .Results show that there were some changes in Land use Structural in the Ganjia lake ecotone during 1972 -2008 .The area of sandy and saline increased significantly .The grass area had a significant reduction .The dominant types of land use were forest and saline ,the land use superiority of sandy has showed an increasing trend .The transformation between forest and sandy ,forest and saline ,grass land and sandy were very significant .The change of forest area was the transfer of inter-nal .The largest contribution of conversion -in land use types came from forest and sandy ,and the largest contribution of conversation -out land use types came from forest and saline ,forest ,sandy and saline were the most active land use types in Ganjia lake ecotone .The research area faces such issues as severe ecologi-cal destroy and aggravation ecological degeneration .The main reason of ecological degradation and damage in the study area were the use patterns of water resources .