Miniemulsion polymerization of styrene using alkyl methacrylates as the reactive cosurfactant |
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Authors: | C S Chern T J Chen |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan Institute of Technology 43 Keelung Road, Section 4 Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China, TW |
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Abstract: | Stable styrene miniemulsions were prepared by using alkyl methacrylates as the reactive cosurfactant. Like conventional cosurfactants
(e.g., cetyl alcohol (CA) and hexadecane (HD)), alkyl methacrylates (e.g., dodecyl methacrylate (DMA) and stearyl methacrylate
(SMA)) may act as a cosurfactant in stabilizing the homogenized miniemulsions. Furthermore, the methacrylate group may be
chemically incorporated into latex particles in subsequent miniemulsion polymerization. The data of the monomer droplet size,
creaming rate and phase separation of monomer as a function of time were used to evaluate the shelf-life of miniemulsions
stabilized by sodium dodecyl sulfate in combination with various cosurfactants. Polystyrene latex particles were produced
via both monomer droplet nucleation and homogeneous nucleation in the miniemulsion polymerization using CA or DMA as the cosurfactant,
with the result of a quite broad particle size distribution. On the other hand, the miniemulsion polymerization with HD or
SMA showed a predominant monomer droplet nucleation. The resultant particle size distribution was relatively narrow. In miniemulsion
polymerization, the less hydrophobic DMA is similar to CA, whereas the more hydrophobic SMA is similar to HD.
Received: 19 November 1996 Accepted: 20 February 1997 |
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Keywords: | Miniemulsion polymerization reactive cosurfactants styrene alkyl methacrylates emulsion stability |
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