水蒸气气化条件下碳酸钾对煤灰烧结和矿物质演化的影响

在水蒸气气化气氛（水蒸气-氢气-一氧化碳-二氧化碳混合气氛）下考察了反应压力对负载碳酸钾煤灰烧结温度的影响，建立了包含煤的灰分、煤灰化学组成、催化剂负载量及反应压力因素的煤灰烧结温度预测关系式，预测结果与实测烧结温度的误差在±15℃（2%）范围内。利用X射线衍射仪和FactSage热力学计算软件对不同气氛和压力下煤灰中的矿物组成及含量的变化规律进行了分析。结果表明，碳酸钾与煤灰中的硬石膏、方解石反应生成硫酸钾和碳酸钾钙；水蒸气气化气氛下硫酸钾和赤铁矿被还原，碳酸钾钙的分解温度随反应压力的增大而升高；负载催化剂煤灰中氢氧化钾的量随温度和压力的提高而增加，不同压力下煤灰的最低烧结温度与氢氧化钾的含量有关，当氢氧化钾的含量达到一定值时，不同压力下对应的温度与实验测得的煤灰烧结温度接近。

Effect of potassium carbonate on coal ash sintering and mineral transformation in H2O-H2-CO-CO2 atmosphere

The influence of reaction pressure on the sintering temperature of potassium carbonate loaded coal ash was investigated in H₂O-H₂-CO-CO₂ atmosphere. An empirical equation for sintering temperature calculation was derived based on the content of ash, the ash composition, the catalyst loading and the reaction pressure. The deviation between the calculated value and the experimental value was within ±15 ℃ (2%). The transformation of two coal ashes was investigated by X-ray diffractometer and thermodynamic calculation. It was found that potassium carbonate could react with anhydrite and calcite in coal to produce potassium sulfate and butschliite. The potassium sulfate and hematite could be reduced in the H₂O-H₂-CO-CO₂ atmosphere, and the decomposition temperature of butschliite increased with the increase of pressure. Moreover, the content of potassium hydroxide in the potassium loaded coal ash increased with the increase of temperature and pressure. The minimum sintering temperatures of coal ash under different pressures were related to the content of potassium hydroxide; when the contents of potassium hydroxide in ashes reached to a certain value, the calculated minimum sintering temperature was very close to the experimental one under different pressures.