Nanoscale swimmers: hydrodynamic interactions and propulsion of molecular machines |
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Authors: | T Sakaue R Kapral and A S Mikhailov |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy |
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Abstract: | Molecular machines execute nearly regular cyclic conformational changes as a result of ligand binding and product release.
This cyclic conformational dynamics is generally non-reciprocal so that under time reversal a different sequence of machine
conformations is visited. Since such changes occur in a solvent, coupling to solvent hydrodynamic modes will generally result
in self-propulsion
of the molecular machine. These effects are investigated for a class of coarse grained models of protein machines consisting
of a set of beads interacting through pair-wise additive potentials. Hydrodynamic effects are incorporated through a configuration-dependent
mobility tensor,
and expressions for the propulsion linear and angular velocities, as well as the stall force, are obtained. In the limit where
conformational changes are small so that linear response theory is
applicable, it is shown that propulsion is exponentially small; thus, propulsion is nonlinear phenomenon. The results are
illustrated by computations on a simple model molecular machine. |
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Keywords: | |
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