仿生技术在转基因大豆中镍形态分析和生物可给性评价中的应用

转基因的食品安全问题一直是科学家和公众关注的焦点，其微量元素的生物可给性研究可为转基因食品的安全评价提供参考。以“胃肠仿生消化、肠道微生物代谢、脂质体仿生物膜亲合吸附”构建胃肠功能模型，用于大豆(转基因大豆和普通大豆)的样品前处理，以脂质体亲合态、水溶态界定消化食糜中镍化合物的形态, 以人体可吸收部分的脂质体亲合态评价大豆中镍的生物可给性。经胃肠消化和微生物代谢，大豆食糜中镍配合物以水溶态为主;胃肠消化、肠道微生物代谢均对镍配合物的生物可给性起促进作用;转基因大豆和普通大豆中镍的生物可给性分别为4.1%和3.3%，即大豆转基因后镍生物可给性提高24%;但转基因大豆中脂质体结合态镍含量122.3 ng·g-1，仅为普通大豆的36%。

Application of Bionic Technology to Speciation Analysis and Bioavailability Assessment of Nickel in Transgenic Soybean

The safety of transgenic food has been paid the most attention to by the public and scientists. Trace metal bioavailability could provide information for safety assessment of transgenic food. The critical functional digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract were simulated by bionic gastrointestinal digestion, metabolism of gut microbiota, and bionic biomembrane adsorption with liposome and then used for the pretreatment of transgenic and general soybeans. Ni speciation in the chyme was defined as affinity-liposome and water soluble Ni. Nickel bioavailability was assessed by the content of affinity-liposome Ni. .Water soluble Ni was the main species of nickel complex in the chyme. Nickel bioavailability was 4.1% for transgenic soybean and 3.3% for general soybean, which could be enhanced by gastrointestinal digestion and metabolism of gut microbiota. After transgene, nickel bioavailability was increased 24% but the content of affinity-liposome Ni was 122.3 ng·g-1 for transgenic soybean, just as 36% as that of general soybean.