基于收益共享的多周期易变质产品供应链协调模型

研究了单个供应商与单个零售商组成的易变质产品供应链系统在有限计划期内的协调问题。考虑到市场需求会同时受到多种因素的影响,构建了市场需求率依赖于销售价格与当前库存水平且随时间呈现一般连续变化的需求函数。将零售商的订购次数、销售价格以及供应商的批发价格作为决策变量,分别求解了集中式与分散式供应链系统下的最优策略。通过与分散式决策的利润值进行比较,得出集中式决策能够使得供应链系统的利润值至少增加1/3。利用收益共享契约机制协调此系统,求解了供应链实现完美协调时收益共享因子的取值区间。最后通过算例验证了理论结果并分析了相关参数变化对系统协调的影响。

Coordinating a Multi-Period Supply Chain for Deteriorating Items Based on Revenue Sharing Contract

The paper considers the coordination problem of a one-supplier and one-retailer supply chain with deteriorating items in a finite planning horizon. The market demand is assumed to be simultaneously influenced by many factors and the demand rate is formulated as a multi-variable continuous function with respect to selling price, on-hand inventory level and time. Two mathematical models for the centralized system and the decentralized system are formulated and the optimal decision variables, including the number of replenishments, the selling price and the wholesale price are obtained for each model. Compared with the decentralized system, the total profit can be increased with at least one-third under the centralized system. Hence, a revenue sharing contract is used to coordinate the supply chain and the value range of revenue sharing parameter to achieve the perfect channel coordination is obtained. Finally, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the theoretical results, and sensitivity analysis of the optimal solution with respect to major parameters is also performed.