有机蒸气的紫外-可见吸收光谱定性检测

采用紫外-可见吸收光谱法定性检测有机物蒸气。用聚乙烯薄膜做介质，用紫外-可见分光光度计检测有机物蒸气，获得大豆油、葵花籽油、花生油、油菜籽油、芝麻油、棉花籽油和油桐种油植物油蒸气，以及丙酮、乙酸乙酯、95%乙醇和冰乙酸有机化合物蒸气的紫外-可见吸收光谱图。结果显示：通过仪器调零，很好地清除聚乙烯薄膜的紫外-可见吸收光谱，获得了所检测植物油蒸气和有机化合物蒸气的紫外-可见吸收光谱，对不同的植物油和不同的有机化合物均有很好的区分性，检测所获得的各植物油蒸气紫外-可见吸收光谱图的λ_max、λ_min、吸收峰的数目、位置、拐点均不一致，可以很好的区分各种植物油，对有机化合物也有很好的检测。方法的重现性好，葵花籽油蒸气10次检测所得的紫外-可见吸收光谱图完全一致。实验结果表明，聚乙烯薄膜作为紫外-可见吸收光谱定性分析用的介质，用于植物油和有机化合物蒸气的检测，具有分析速度快、重现性好、准确可靠、成本低等特点，可提供有机物蒸气的特征信息和有机化合物的结构信息，为化合物和有机物蒸气的鉴定提供新的检测方法。

Qualitative Determination of Organic Vapour Using Violet and Visible Spectrum

Vapours of organic matters were determined qualitatively employed with ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy. Vapours of organic matters were detected using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer employing polyethylene film as medium, the ultraviolet and visible absorption spectra of vegetable oil vapours of soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, cotton seed oil, tung tree seed oil, and organic compound vapours of acetone, ethyl acetate, 95% ethanol, glacial acetic acid were obtained. Experimental results showed that spectra of the vegetable oil vapour and the organic compound vapour could be obtained commendably, since ultra violet and visible spectrum of polyethylene film could be deducted by spectrograph zero setting. Different kinds of vegetable oils could been distinguished commendably in the spectra since the λ_max, λ_min, number of absorption peak, position, inflection point in the ultra violet and visible spectra obtained from the vapours of the vegetable oils were all inconsistent, and the vapours of organic compounds were also determined perfectly. The method had a good reproducibility, the ultraviolet and visible absorption spectra of the vapours of sunflower seed oil in 10 times determination were absolutely the same. The experimental result indicated that polyethylene film as a kind of medium could be used for qualitative analysis of ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopy. The method for determination of the vapours of the vegetable oils and organic compounds had the peculiarities of fast speed analysis, well reproducibility, accuracy and reliability and low cost, and so on. Ultraviolet and visible absorption spectrum of organic vapour could provide feature information of material vapour and structural information of organic compound, and provide a novel test method for identifying vapour of compound and organic matter.