Theoretical analysis of output statistics of Er3+:Ti:LiNbO3 M-mode straight waveguide amplifiers

In this paper we present a theoretical analysis of some statistical parameters which characterize the Er³⁺-doped Ti:LiNbO₃ M-mode straight waveguides. The derivation and the evaluation of the spectral optical gain, the spectral noise figure, the Fano factor, the statistical fluctuation and the spontaneous emission factor are performed under the small gain approximation. The simulations show the evolution of these parameters under various pump regimes and waveguide lengths. The obtained results can be used for the design of complex rare earth doped integrated circuits.