奥氏体不锈钢高温循环棘轮行为的实验研究

对两种不锈钢材料（316L和304）进行了高温应力控制下的系统循环试验。对该类材料在应力循环下的平均应力、应力幅值及其历史对循环蠕变（棘轮效应）的影响进行了分析，同时也分析了环境温度的变化以及先前应变循环对后继应力循环的棘轮行为的影响。研究表明，两种不锈钢材料在高温非对称循环下的单轴棘轮行为基本相同，不但依赖于当前温度和加载状态，而且还依赖于先前加载历史。研究得到了不锈钢材料高温单轴循环棘轮行为的一些有意义的结果。

The Experimental Studies for Cyclic Ratcheting of Austenic Stainless Steels under Uniaxial Loading at High Temperature

An experimental study was carried out for the cyclic properties of 316L and 304 austenic stainless steels subjected to uniaxial stress loading at high temperatu re. The influences of stress amplitude, mean stress and their histories in the c yclic creep (i.e., ratcheting) were analyzed. In the meantime, effects of the va riation in temperature and the prior strain cyclic loading on the subsequent rat cheting were discussed. It is shown that uniaxial cyclic ratcheting behaviors of 316L and 304 under asymmetric uniaxial cyclic stress loading are mostly similar and depend not only on the current temperature and loading state, but also on t he previous loading history. Some significant results are obtained.