Ionic medium effects on equilibrium constants Part I. Proton, copper(II), cadmium(II), lead(II) and acetate activity coefficients in aqueous solution

The molar single ion activity coefficients associated with hydrogen, copper(II), cadmium(II) and lead(II) ions were determined at 25 degrees C and ionic strengths between 0.100 and 3.00 M (NaClO4), whereas for acetate the ionic strengths were fixed between 0.300 and 2.00 M, held with the same inert electrolyte. The investigation was carried out potentiometrically by using proton-sensitive glass, copper, cadmium and lead ion-selective electrodes and a second-class Hg|Hg2(CH3COO)2 electrode. It was found that the activity coefficients of these ions (y(i)) can be assessed through the following empirical equations: log y(H) = -0.542I(0.5) + 0.451I; log y(Cu) = -1.249I(0.5) + 0.912I; log y(Cd) = -0.829I(0.5) + 0.448I(1.5); log y(Pb) = -0.404I(0.5) + 0.117I(2); and log y(Ac) = 0.0370I