中国基层社会治理中的自治、法治与德治

基层社会治理中自治、法治与德治是可以结合而且必须结合的。自治是法治与德治的基础，法治是自治与德治的边界和保障，德治是较高追求，德治以自治与法治为基石，并对自治与法治形成有力补充。“三治”各有侧重，有优先次序，但更需要同时发力、交织前进，以能发挥“三治”结合的“乘数效应”。“三治”结合并非自治、法治与德治的简单相加和组合，而要把它视作一个有机整体。这要求“三治”建设在组织架构上坚持整体论，摒弃还原论；在治理边界上处理好政府统筹和基层社会探索之间的紧张关系，发挥政府助长和能促作用；在治理载体上因地制宜、自主探索，寻找彰显自治活力、法治精神和德治正气的有效载体。同时，还要发挥社会力量的“点睛”作用，将这些要素激活，使社会运转起来。

Self-governance,Rule of Law,Rule of Virtue and Their Combination in Community-level Social Governance

Self-governance, Rule of Law, Rule of Virtue (SLV) in community-level social governance can be combined and must be combined. The self-governance is the base of the rule of law and the rule of virtue. The rule of law is the boundary and guarantee forself-governance and rule of virtue. The rule of virtue is a higher goal and based on self-governance and the rule of law, and it strongly complements to self-governance and the rule of law. Self-governance, the rule of law and the rule of virtue have different priorities and priorities, but it is more necessary to combine and even integrate and play the " multiplier effect” of SLV.The combination of SLV is not a simple addition, but it should be regarded as an organic whole. It requires adherence to the holistic theory in the organizational structure, and abandoning the reductionism; on the governance boundary, we must handle the relationship between the government’s coordination and the social autonomy and play the role of government’s facilitating and enabling; additionally, it is necessary to find effective vehicles that carry the vitality of self-governance, the spirit of the rule of law, and the positive of virtue. At the same time, we must also play the " catfish effect” of social power to activate these elements, and make the whole society work better.