Importance of direction of vibration on the onset of Soret-driven convection under gravity or weightlessness

This paper considers the influence of the direction of vibration on the stability threshold of two-dimensional Soret-driven convection. The configuration is an infinite layer filled with a binary mixture, which can be heated from below or from above. The limiting case of high-frequency and small-amplitude vibration is considered for which the time-averaged formulation has been adopted. The linear stability analysis of the quasi-mechanical equilibrium shows that the problem depends on five non-dimensional parameters. These include the thermal Rayleigh number ( Ra_T), the vibrational parameter (R), the Prandtl number ( Pr), the Lewis number (Le), the separation ratio (S) and the orientation of vibration with respect to the horizontal heated plate (). For different sets of parameters, the bifurcation diagrams are plotted Ra_c = f (S) and k_c = g(S), which are the critical thermal Rayleigh and the critical wave numbers, respectively. Our results indicate that, relative to the classical case of static gravity, vibration may affect all regions in Ra_c-S stability diagram. In the case of mono-cellular convection, by using a regular perturbation method, a closed-form relation for the critical Rayleigh number is found. Several physical situations in the presence or in the absence of gravity (micro-gravity) are discussed.