Application of lidar in ultraviolet,visible and infrared ranges for early forest fire detection |
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Authors: | A Lavrov AB Utkin R Vilar A Fernandes |
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Institution: | (1) Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal, PT;(2) Russian Science Center ‘Applied Chemistry’, Dobrolubova Ave. 14, St. Petersburg 197198, Russia, RU;(3) Institute for Laser Physics, Birzhevaya 12, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia, RU |
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Abstract: | The efficiencies of direct lidars operating at 355, 532, 1064 and 1540-nm radiation wavelengths for early forest fire detection
were compared. For each wavelength, the range for reliable smoke-plume detection was estimated on the basis of a computer
simulation plume using a one-dimensional “top-hat” gas dynamic model for the calculation of the backscattering and extinction-coefficient
profiles within the plume. The agreement between the predicted signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and experimental results for 532
and 1064-nm wavelength radiation is good. The decrease of the signal-to-noise ratio with distance is maximum for 355 nm and
minimum for 1064 nm. At 1540 nm, the decay of SNR with distance is slightly faster, but the SNR is higher than for other wavelengths,
leading to the highest detection efficiency for the same energy of the probing laser pulse. For a burning rate of 2 kg/s and
a laser beam divergence of 2.5 mr, the maximum distance for reliable detection varies between 6 and 12 km, depending on the
wavelength.
Received: 15 May 2002 / Revised version: 13 September 2002 / Published online: 22 January 2003
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ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +351-21/841-8120, E-mail: rui.vilar@ist.utl.pt |
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Keywords: | PACS: 42 68 Wt 92 60 Mt |
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