INCORPORATION AND INFLUENCE OF VARIABILITY IN AN AGGREGATED FOREST MODEL

ABSTRACT. Variability influences ecological processes at various scales and is incorporated in different ways in forest models. The forest model Dis CFor M scales an individual based, stochastic forest patch model up to a height structured tree population model. To describe the variability arising from stochastic processes in the patch model, Dis CFor M uses theoretical random dispersions of trees in each height class over all patches. This yields a spatial distribution of light and consequently of light dependent process rates. Three major influences of variability on simulations are examined: site condition, patch to patch, and temporal environmental variability. Simulation studies and comparison with forest compositions from the Swiss National Forest Inventory reveal that these influences affect simulated forest dynamics, species composition, and biodiversity, depending on climatic boundary conditions and hence have to be taken into account in modeling.