The Essential Oil of Pistacia vera L. at Various Temperatures of Direct Thermal Desorption Using Comprehensive Gas Chromatography Coupled with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry |
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Authors: | M Z Ozel F Gogus J F Hamilton A C Lewis |
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Institution: | (1) The University of Pamukkale, Faculty of Science & Arts, Chemistry Department, P.O. 286, 20017 Denizli, Turkey;(2) The University of Gaziantep, Engineering Faculty, Food Engineering Department, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey;(3) The University of York, Department of Chemistry, Heslington, YO10 5DD York, UK |
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Abstract: | The essential oil obtained from the hulls of Pistacia vera fruits using direct thermal desorption was resolved using comprehensive gas chromatography (GC×GC) coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS). A range of temperatures (100, 150, 200, 250 °C) for thermal desorption were applied to extract volatile organic compounds from around 10mg of raw sample. Although different species profiles were produced at each temperature (notably browning products above 200 °C), -pinene and (Z)- -terpineol were found to be the major components at all temperatures studied. The number of compounds observed increased with increasing temperature. A temperature of 150 °C is recommended as optimum for the direct thermal desorption of volatiles from matrices such as fruit hulls. The GC×GC separation chromatographically resolved several hundred components which when coupled for detection with TOF-MS gave high probability identifications for around 100 compounds. The comprehensive separation also separated a number of components which remained unresolved on a single GC column, such as camphene with butyrolactone and dodecane with p-cymene. |
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Keywords: | Gas chromatography Time-of-flight mass spectrometry Direct thermal desorption Essential oil Pistacia vera |
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